阅读文章原文：http://ijabe.net/article/doi/10.25165/j.ijabe.20241704.8916?sessionid=-1288074812

穴盘容积对北苍术种苗生长的影响

时凯旋，梁钜文，季 方*，贺冬仙

（中国农业大学水利与土木工程学院，农业农村部设施农业工程重点实验室，北京100083，中国）

摘要：北苍术是一种多年生草本植物，常用作治疗流感的处方药，具有燥湿健脾的功效。北苍术药材的质量取决于种苗的质量。传统的北苍术育苗技术存在种苗长势不一致、机械化程度低的问题。将穴盘育苗技术应用于北苍术种苗生产，可解决北苍术育苗中存在的上述问题。该研究旨在通过北苍术种苗的生长特性来确定穴盘育苗所采用的穴盘类型和育苗时间。

育苗60 d时，P32-D处理的北苍术种苗的株高、茎基部粗度、根茎直径、叶片数和地上部干鲜重显著高于P72、P50 和 P32 处理，但与P28-D 处理相比差异不大。相较于P32-D处理，P28-D 处理的北苍术种苗的根茎鲜重和壮苗指数明显下降，而根茎鲜重和壮苗指数是评价种苗质量的关键指标。尽管不同处理的北苍术种苗的净光合速率差异不大，但P32-D和P28-D处理的北苍术种苗的蒸腾速率显著高于其他三个处理。

P32-D和 P28-D处理的北苍术种苗的潜在最大光化学效率、实际光化学效率、光化学淬灭系数和电子传递速率均显著高于其他三个处理。P32-D 处理的北苍术种苗的根系活力显著高于其他四个处理，是P28-D处理北苍术种苗的1.9 倍。P32-D处理的光能利用效率、电能利用效率、光量子产率和电能产率显著高于其他四个处理，分别是 P28-D的1.3、1.3、1.4和1.4倍。此外，北苍术种苗的生长也会受到育苗时间的影响。

育苗60-75 d时，北苍术种苗地上部和根茎的生长最为旺盛，此后开始逐渐变缓。因此，该研究根据北苍术种苗在穴盘中的生长规律，筛选出适宜其生长的穴盘容积和育苗时间，北苍术种苗生产建议采用32孔加深穴盘，育苗时间60-75 d为宜，以期为北苍术种苗的生产提供技术支持。

关键词：北苍术；穴盘育苗；穴盘容积

DOI：10.25165/j.ijabe.20241704.8916

引用信息： Shi K X, Liang J W, Ji F, He D X. Effects of plug tray cell size on the growth of Atractylodes Chinensis (DC) Koidz seedlings. Int J Agric & Biol Eng, 2024; 17(4): 45–52.

Effects of plug tray cell size on the growth of Atractylodes Chinensis (DC) Koidz seedlings

Kaixuan Shi, Juwen Liang, Fang Ji* , Dongxian He

(Key Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering in Structure and Environment of MARA, College of Water Resources & Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China)

Abstract：Atractylodes Chinensis (DC) Koidz is a perennial herb often used as a prescription medicine for influenza, to invigorate the spleen and remove dampness. The quality of the herb is determined by the quality of the seedlings. The traditional A. chinensis seedling production technique has nonuniform seedlings and low mechanisation. The plug seedling technique was used to produce A. Chinensis seedlings. This study was conducted to determine the growth characteristics of A. Chinensis seedlings according to the cell size of plug trays and number of days after sowing. Plant height, stem diameter, rhizome diameter, number of leaves, leaf area, and shoot dry and fresh weight of A. Chinensis seedlings were significantly higher in the P32-D treatment than in the P72, P50, and P32 treatments, but not significantly different from the P28-D treatment 60 d after sowing. The P28-D treatment resulted in a considerable drop in rhizome fresh weight and healthy seedling index, both of which are key indicators for assessing seedling quality. Although the differences in Pn among treatments were not significantly different, Tr was considerably greater in A. Chinensis seedlings treated with P32-D and P28-D than in the other three treatments. The P32-D and P28-D treatments had considerably greater potential maximum photochemical efficiency of PSII, quantum yield of photosystem II, photochemical quenching and electron transport rate than the other three treatments. Root vitality of A. Chinensis seedlings was significantly stronger in the P32-D treatment than in the other four treatments, and it was 1.9 times higher than in the P28-D treatment. The soluble protein, soluble sugar, and starch contents of A. Chinensis seedlings were highest in the P32-D treatment, but the differences among treatments were not significant. LUE, EUE, PY and EY were significantly higher in the P32-D treatment than in the other four treatments, being 1.3, 1.3, 1.4 and 1.4 times higher than in P28-D, respectively. On the other hand, as for the change in the growth of A. Chinensis seedlings according to the number of days after sowing, the growth of shoots and rhizome was most vigorous at the 60 d after sowing, while the fresh weight of the rhizome, which can be considered as an indicator of root growth, increased steadily during the experiment but slowed down after 60 d. As a result, 32-cell deepened plug trays and a seedling nursery for a period of 60-75 d are recommended for commercial cultivation of A. Chinensis seedlings. This will provide technical support for production in A. Chinensis seedling.

Keywords: Atractylodes Chinensis (DC) Koidz, plug seedling, plug tray cell size

DOI: 10.25165/j.ijabe.20241704.8916

Citation: Shi K X, Liang J W, Ji F, He D X. Effects of plug tray cell size on the growth of Atractylodes Chinensis (DC) Koidz seedlings. Int J Agric & Biol Eng, 2024; 17(4): 45–52.